Which two Erikson stages are especially influential during adolescence and early adulthood in Self II?

• A. Identity vs. role confusion; intimacy vs. isolation.
• B. Trust vs mistrust; autonomy vs. shame.
• C. Industry vs. Inferiority; initiative vs. guilt.
• D. Generativity vs. stagnation; integrity vs despair.

Answer: (A)

During adolescence and early adulthood, two big tasks shape development: forming a clear sense of who you are and learning how to connect with others in meaningful, intimate ways. In adolescence, you’re exploring different roles, beliefs, and values to build a coherent sense of self. When this is resolved well, you gain a stable identity and a sense of direction; when it isn’t, role confusion can lead to uncertainty about future choices and where you fit in the world. As you move into early adulthood, the focus shifts to forming deep, trusting relationships—friendships, partnerships, and, if chosen, family. Successfully navigating this stage leads to the ability to form intimate, committed relationships; struggles can result in social isolation or difficulty connecting with others. The other stages occur earlier in childhood or later in life, so they’re less central to the pressures and tasks typical of adolescence and early adulthood.